Printing telegraph system



Oct. 13, 1931.

s. s. HILTZ ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH sYsTEE Filed March 21, 1928 11 SheetsSheet 1 wmukkm gnoentoz! 33x QWQQWIW Oct. 13, 1931. s, l z ET AL 1,827,362

. PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM File'd March 21. 1928 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 T% FT I @wvewtow Oct. 13, 1931. G. s'. HILTZ ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEI Filed March 21. 1928 '11 Sheets-Sheet a TH V Oct. 13, 1931. s. s. HILTZ ET AL RINTING' TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed March 21.

1928 11 Sheets-Sheet 4 O 3,- G.. s; HILTZ ET AL 1,827,362

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEI Fiied March 21, 928 11 Sheets-Sheet: 5

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Fild March 21. 1928 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 13, 1931.- e. s. HILTZ ET AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH sxsmzu Filed March 21, 1928 ll Sheets-Sheet 7 II/III!!!I111 I I/Il/ I/ i/lrrl lll l lrlr l l p: 3 MP Oct. 13, 1931. as. HILTi ETAL 1,827,362

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM FiledMarGh 21, 1928 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 l I l Oct. 13, 1931. G. s. HILTZ ET AL 1,327,352

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed March 21, 1928 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 WWEWRN gnwmtou 9.5. S 7' f Carr-on- [44- W .3 E 5 mm mm 6 5 ww 3 Q 3 g Nm Oct. 13, 1931. G, s z ET AL 1,827,362

PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed March 21, 1928 ll Sheets-Sheet l0 avwemcou Oct. 13, 1931. s -rz ET AL 1,827,362

PRINT ING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed March 21-; 1928 ll Sheets-Sheet l1 Patented Oct. 13, 1931 UNITED YSTATESIPATENT OFFICE I GEORGE E. HILTZ, OI BBOOKLYIKNIW YORK, AND WILLIAM I. PURCELL, O! EOBOKEN, NEW JEBSEY,'AB8IGNOBB TO STOCK QUOTATION TELEGRAPH COMPANY, 01' NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 01' NEW YORK PBINTINGTELEGRAPH SYSTEM 7 Application filed Inch 21, 1928. Serial no. ceases.

This invention relates to rinting telegraph systems of the class in w ich the operation of the distant receiver or receivers is "fshows what'has been recorded on the control controlled by current impulses sent 'over a. transmission circuit under the control of a 10 a perforated tape or strip of paper or other insulating material which asses between cooperating contacts in sai controlling c rcuits. Since the tape is non-conducting no current flows from one contact to another ex- '15 cept when a perforation is in registry with the two. The latter can then close, permitting current to flow in the circuit with which the particular contacts are associated. More especially our present invention pertains to the mechanism or apparatus for. unching 'tions reaches the control contacts.

the tape in accordance-with a suitab e code in which the relative positions of two or more perforations (located in transverse alignment in the tape) determines what letter or other character the receiver will print when the group of transversely-aligned perft ilrlae chief object of the invention is to provide power-actuated punching mechanism which can be manually controlled, sothat all the punching operator has to do is to manipulate finger keys in the same or much the same way as he would the keys of an ordinary typewriter but without the fatiguing. exertion that would be required if the apparatus were driven or actuated entirely by manual effort. A further object is to provide electromagnetic means for actuatingthe tape-punching mechanism, so that the latter may be electrically controlled by finger-actuated contacts of simple character. Another object is to provide apparatus which not only punches the transmitter-control tape but also prints on a suitable tape theletters and other characters corresponding to those punched in the control tape, so that by watching the printed tape the operator can detect any error as soon as it is made. 'Also, if the operation issuspended the printed tape instantly tape anl hence the exact point at which the -work is to be resumed. A further object is to provide simple'and durable ap aratus, ositive inoperation and capable'o use for ong periods without the necessity of frequent repair of critical adjustment. To these and other ends the invention comprises the novel features of construction and combinations of elements hereinafter described.

The invention can be embodied in a considerable variety of constructions, and of these we have selected for specific description and illustration herein the one which at the present time is believed to exhibit the invention in its most convenient and effective form. The construction referred to is designed particularly for use in the printing telegra h system described in U. S. Patent 0.

1,711,497, in which the receiver is of the socalled Fticker type, printing on a paper tape under the control of current impulses of alternating polarity the number of which in each group or train is controlled at the transmitter b a sunflower comprising an annular series 0. insulated contacts and a revolving wiper which passes over the contacts in succession and 1s synchronized with a polechanging switch in such manner that as the wiper passes oif one contact and onto the next the current in the transmission circuit is reversed in polarity. The system thus briefly outlined may also include the so-called magnetic shift mechanism described in- U. S. Patent No. 1,7 00,225 and the preferredform of our present invention is adapted to the use of the mechanism mentioned, as will be explained more fully hereinafter.

Referring now to the accompanying drawmgs,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the manually actu ated mechanism which controls the electrically actuated punching mechanism and which also prints on a tape the characters recorded on the transmission control tape by the punching mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a simplifiedcross section, taken about on a plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fi 3 is a detail cross section illustrating a mo ification of the punching-control mechamsm.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the contact system of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the plvoted frame carrying the ke board and printing devices being swung him to expose the aforesaid contact system or assembly.

Fig. 5 is a detail side view of one of the keys shown in Fig. 2, with its associated type hammer and contact actuator in the positions occupied just after the associated contacts have been closed and fust before the printing hammer or ty bar is actuated.

Fig. 6 is a tail lan view of the electromagnetic feed mec anism for feeding the printing tape step by step past the prmtmg position, to recelve the imprints from the printing hammers (through the usual inked ribbon) just after the punching mechanism has operated to punch in the transmission control tape the transversely spaced perforations which represent the character to be transmitted.

Fig. 7 illustrates a piece of the tape printed by the punch-control mechanism.

Fig. 8 illustrates a piece of the transmission tape, showing the groups of transversely ahgned perforations correspondin to the characters (letters and numerals) s own on the printed tape in Fig. 7.

/ 'Fig. 9 illustrates a piece of the ticker tape printed by the receiver, showing the characters transmitted by the successive groups of erforations in Fig. 8.

ig. 10 is a side view of the electrically actuated punchin apparatus and the associated contact mec anism to which the perforated tape passes from the punchin devices.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the punc 'ng and contact mechanisms shown in elevation in Fi 10.

i'g. 12 is a longitudinal section on the line 1212 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a sectional plan view on the line 13-13 of Fig. 10, showing the electromagnets or solenoids which actuate the punches.

Fig. 14 is a detail cross section, on the line 1414 of Fig. 11, showing the contacts which engage each other through the perforations in the insulating tape. Two of these contacts are composed of bodies of mercury under sufiicient head to force the mercury through the perforations into contact with the rigi pin-contacts immediately above.

Fig. 15 is a detail cross section on the line 1515 of Fig. 11, showing the transversely aligned vertically movable punches and the cooperating dies, for perforating the tape.

Fig. 16. is a wiring diagram showing the electrical connections between the punching mechanism and the manual control mecha nism, and so much of the wirin of the trans mission system as seems use ul in understanding the function ofthe perforated tape Lasts in controlling the transmitter and the distant ""7 a n a di h wing ig.1isa eta'e 'a ams o the wiring of the contacts (%t the keyboard) shown in Fig. 4.

Referring first to Fi 16, 10 represents a receiver or ticker w ich may be of well known type described in the patent of George S. Hiltz, No. 1,085,124, issued January 27 1914, having a printin or press magnet 11 in a local circuit supp 'ed with current from the main 12, and the third wire or grounded return 13, under the control of a relay 14. The escapement magnets 15, 16 are in series with the transmission line 17, as is also the shift magnet 18 which determines which of the two receiver type wheels (not shown) will make the imprint, as explained in U. S. Patent No. 1,700,225 above referred to. The transmitter has a pole-changing switch comprising a pair of s ip rings 19, 20 and brushes 21, 22, 23 on a shaft 24 driven by a constantly runnin motor, not shown, through a sli pin c utch, not shown, which permits t e sha t to be arrested without stopping the motor. Slip ring 20 has an insulating se ment 2041 which, as the shaft revolves, li brushes 22, 23 out of contact alternately. In the position shown, current flows from grounded brush 21, slip ring 20, brush 23 through magnet 25 of the pole-chan 'ng relay 26 to the current-supply main 27. he armature of the relay, represented by contact 28, is thus attracted by magnet 25 and engages contact 29, and positive current then flows from main 27 throu h wire 30, contacts 29, 28, armature 31 of e repeat magnet 32, wire 33, magnet 108a (which controls the feed of the perforated tape throu h the transmission-controlling contact mechanism), resistance 35 and line wire 17 to the ticker press relay 14. When the rotation of shaft 24 carries insulating segment 20a into cooperation with brush 23, brush 22 is then in e ement with rin 20 and current flows throng magnet 36 o the pole-changing relay 26. Armature 28 is swung over to contact 37, whereupon negative current flows from main 38 through wire 39, contacts 37 and 28, and thence through the path traced above, to the receiver. In this way current impulses of rapidly alternating olarity are sent over the transmission line as ong as shaft 24 revolves. These impulses through the escapement magnets 15, 16 control in the usual way the rotation of the receiver type wheels (not shown) to bring the desired character to the printi osition, whereupon the shaft 24 is arrestd d he impulse last sent (of whatever polarity it may be) is thus prolonged, thereb energizing the slow-acting relay 14 which t en draws its armature over and closes the local circuit of the press magnet 11. The latter then actuates the receiver platen, not shown. As long as the shift relay magnet. 40 is deenergized Ill resistance remains in the transmission circuit; the current through shift 111 et 18 is therefore too weak to energize t e latter magnet, and hence all theimprints at the receiver are made from the same type wheel. When, however, the circuit of magnet 40 is closed (as hereinafter described) the armature 41 is raised, thereby laying a shunt or short circuit across the resistance, thus strengthening the linecurrent a'value sufficient to energize the shift magnet which then causes the next imprint to be made from the other type wheel. 7

Still referring to Fig. 16, the shaft 24 is arrested atthe proper instant (when a suflicient number of current impulses have been sent to bring thedesired. character on the receiver type wheel to the printing position) by an e ectromagnetic clutch 42, which may be of a well known type, connected to ground and to the armature 42a of a relay 43. The latter is connected to main 38 through lower mercury contact 44 and upper pin contacts 45, 46, 47, 48. Whenever current flows through contact 44 and any one of the four upper con- I tacts the relay is energized and swlngs its armature over against contact 49, whereu on current flows in the clutch local circuit. eing thus energized, the clutch arrests the shaft 24 and the current then flowing continues to flow, with the results described above The transmitter is also provided with a sunflower 50, Fig. 16, comprising an annular series of twenty-eight insulated contacts, twenty-six of which are shown marked with the letters of the alphabet and two, diametrically opposite each other, are shown marked with dots, representing periods. The upper of these two is termed herein the letters period contact and the lower as the figures period contact. The'sunflower contacts are connected to form seven sets of four each, one contact of each set being connected-to one of every other group. Thus, upon tracing the connections it will be seen that contactletters period is connected to contacts H, figures period and T, these four constituting a set. Similarly, contacts G, F, S, Zare connected together and so form another set. Each set is also connected to one of seven pin contacts 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, above the mercury contact 59. Thus the set composed of contacts G, F, S, Z is connected to pin contact 57 and that composed of letters period H, figures period and T is connected to pin contact 51. Inside ofthe outer series of sunflower contacts is an annular series of four insulated contacts 1, 2, 3, 4, each spanning seven contacts of the outer series and connected to the pin contacts 45, 46, 47, 48 respectively. The sunflower also has a wiper 58, fixed on a shaft 58a which is connected with the motor-driven shaft 24 by reducing gearing (not shown) of such ratio that the wiper makes one revolution for each fourteen revolutions of the shaft 24. Since two current impulses are transmitted in each revolution of the latter shaft, it will be seen that twenty-eight impulses are sent in each revolution of the wiper 58. The latter'has two elec-' trically connected fin ers bearing one on the outer contacts and. t e other on the inner, so that as the wiper revolves from the position shown in Fig. 16 it connects inner contact 1 to outer contacts A, B, C; D, E G, in succession, then contact 2 to contacts H, I, K, L, M, N, F, and so on. e Supgose now that the letter A having been rinte at the receiver it is desired to print Tracing the connections it will be seen that outer contact D is connected to pin contact 55 and inner contact 1 to in contact 45. Hence connection is made (as escribed hereinafter) between mercury contact 59 and pin 55 only, and between mercury contact 44 and pin 45 only. If, as in the present embodiment, the letters are on the typewheel which prints only when strong current is transmitted, that is, when the resistance 35 is shunted out by energization of relay 40, connection must also be made between contacts .44 and 66, in series with the relay and battery 40a.- Now as the wi er moves counterclockwise the pole-changing switch or commutator sends alternating impulses to the receiver, whose type wheels follow in unison with the wiper until contact D is reached and type D at the receiver is at the printing position. Current now flows from main 38 through wire 60, relay magnet 43, contacts 44 and 45, Wire 61 to inner sunflower contact 1, across the wiper to outer contact D, thence through wire 62, pin contact 55, mercury contact 59, wire 63, unison key 64 and wire 65 to main 27. Relay 43, thus energized, closes the local circuit of the clutch 42, and the latter arrests shafts 24 and 58a. Letter D having been printed, suppose that the next letter is O. The circuit being broken at contacts 59-55 and 44-45 the clutch is deenergized, shaft 24 rotates and the wiper 58 moves over the sunflower contacts. Arriving at contact O the wiper finds the circuit of clutch relay 43 established through contacts 5953 and 47-44, whereupon the clutch is energized as described and (contacts 44 and 66 being also closed) D is printed. In this way the receiver type wheels can be rotated step by ste to bring to the printing position any 7 one o the characters corresponding to the respective outer contacts on the sunflower.

As previously stated the receiver has two type wheels. These are mounted on the same shaft, with the characters on one in axial alignment with those on the other. Since (in thepresent instance) each wheel has twenty-eight character spaces I each outer sunflower contact corresponds to two characters or character spaces, one on each wheel. In general one wheel has letters of the alphabet and the other carries numerals, fractions, and any special characters or symbols that may be desired. When (in the present system) it is desired to print from the second wheel, say a number or.

a fraction, or a special character, contacts 44 and 66 are not closed at the same time as the desired character-selecting contacts are closed, and hence resistance 35 is not shunted out and weak current is therefore sent over the line as explained above.

It will be readily seen that accuracy of printing depends upon keeping the receiver type wheels in step or in unison with the sunflower wiper. If the wheel gets out of unison, as sometimes hap ns, the operator can bring it back into unison by depressing the unison key 64 to its neutral or mis-position. This opens the circuit through the clutch relay 49, so that the clutch cannot be energized even though the other contacts in the circuit be closed. Hencethe sunflower wiper will revolve as long as the key is held in the neutral position, and the receiver typewheels will also revolve until by means (not shown) provided for the purpose at the receiver they are brought to rest automatically with letters period at the printing position. The operator has before him a receiver (not shown herein) in circuit with the distant receiver, and when he observes the type wheels of his own receiver come to rest he depresses key 64 further, bringing it into engagement with contact 67. On shaft 58a is a cylinder 69 of insulating material carrying a conducting bar 70 axially aligned with the tips of the fingers on the wiper 58 and adapted to bridge the two brushes 71, 72 when the wiper is on the letters period contact. Brush 72 being connected with mercury contact 44 and brush 71 with the lower contact 67, it will be seen thatv current can flow through the clutch relay 43 when, and only when, the wiper is on the letters period contact (which is the upper of the two contacts marked with a dot in Fig. 16). Hence when the wiper comes to the contact mentioned, current flows from main 38 through contact 44, wire 73, brush 72, contact bar 7 0, brush 71, contact 67, key 64 and wire to main 27. The clutch relay 43, being thus energized, closes the clutch local circuit and shafts 24 and 58a are then arrested with the wipers on the letters period contact. This method of coming to unison forms the subject of our copending application filed May 21, 1928, Serial No. 263.364.

Referring now to Fig. 14, the bodies of mercury 44, 59 are the similarly numbered contacts in Fig. 16, and the pins 45, 46, 47, 48, 66, 51, 52. 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 are the contacts having the same numbers in the figure last mentioned. The two mercury contacts are contained in narrow transversely elongated chambers in an insulating block 5 into which was the horizontal metal'tubes 76, 77 are snugly fitted. At their ends the tubes are bent to into contact with the pins, but when the stand i es are turned down, as indicated in dot lines, the mercury runs down into them and out of contact with the pins. The mercury bodies are connected in circuit by means of springs 80, 81, Fig. 11, having points 82, 83, Fig. 14, press' firmly into recesses in the b'osses84, 85. he perforated tape 100, Fig. 12, passes between the pins and the underlying that when a perforation comes under a pin the mercury rises through the hole into contact with the pin thus exposed. Hence the transverse spacin of the perforations in the tape determines t e character printed at the receiver. Thus (referrin to Figs. 14 and 16) with only two perforatlons (spaced to expose pins 52 and 48) to the underlyin mercury, the letter U will be printed. ith a third perforation, to expose pin 66 also, the

receiver platen will be shifted to the other type wheel and some other character will be printed, for example the fraction The tubular mercury containers 76, 77, Fig.

14, may be made in two parts, as shown, the;

standpipe portions 78, 79 being fitted into the ends of the horizontal portions. The former are slotted along one side, forming windows or sight-openm s 78a closed by inner glass tubes 79a suita at top and bottom to prevent leaka e of mercury. Screw-closures or caps 79 are provided in the ends of the standpipes for easy supply or withdrawal of mercury.

The contact pins 45, 46, 47 48, 66, 51, 52,.

53, 54, 55, 56, 57, Figs. 14 and 16, are composed of heavywires, for example copper or brass, and are mounted in a two-piece insulating body 51a and are bent to bring them up through suitable openings in the upper.

part of the supporting body into connection individually with a longitudinal row of terminal buttons 86 en aged by spring terminals 87 (shown best in igs. 11 and 12) for connection with the corresponding sets of outer.

contacts and the four inner contacts on the sunflower. The block or body 51a, carrying the contact pins, is held in place by the spring terminals and may be slipped out from under the same for easy insertion of the tape. The,

spring terminals are mounted on an insulating block 89 supported by pillars 90 on block 75, which, along with the tube bearings 91, 92,1s carried by the top plate or table 93 (see also Fig. 10) of the housing 94 in which the actuating solenoids of the punching mecha nism are located.

As the tape passes between the upper and lower contacts to present successive groups of perforations thereto there is a tendency,

odies of mercury, and it will be seen 1y sealed in place;

. aeaaeea' into which the mercury dropsand passes thence through an outlet or escape passage 96 to a funnel 97, open at the bottom. From the latter the mercury drops into a small receptacle not shown.

The control tape is fed through the contact mechanism step by step by a sprocket wheel or roller 98, Figs. 10, 11, 12, cooperatin with a central longitudinal row of holes (s own at 99 in Fig. 8). This roller, located at the outlet or discharge end of the contact mechanism, is rotated by a pawl 101 engaging a ratchet 102. The pawl is'pivoted on the rear end of an actuating lever 103 fulcrumed in a block 104 depending from the underside of the top plate 93. At the other end the lever is connected to a coil spring 105 (Fig.

' 13) by which it is urged clockwise to raise the pawl, and between the fulcrum and the pawl the lever is connected by a link 106 to the core 107 of an actuating solenoid 108. The pawl is held in engagement with the ratchet by a small coil spring 109, Fig. 10, between the pawl and its actuating lever.

The solenoid magnet108,which draws the perforated tape step by step through the contact mechanism. as above described, is controlled by the relav-108a, in the transmission circuit connecting the transmitter and the distant receiver or receivers, as indicated in Fig. 16. The relay 108a is not energized by the rapidly alternating character-selecting impulses sufliciently to actuate its armature but when the final impulse is prolonged by arrest of the shaft 24 as explained above) to print the character at the receiver the relay is fully energized and closes the local circuit of feed magnet 108. It will therefore be seen that each time the receiver prints a character the feed solenoid is energized and the pawl 101 is drawn down. thereby feeding the tape forward one step and bringing the next group of control perforations to the contacts. When the transmission circuit is broken (as a result of the movement of the tape) the pawl is raised by the spring 105 into position for the next feeding operation. Preferably the feed of the tape takes place iust after the printing and hencethe relay 108a is made slightly slower in actionthan the relay 14 which con-.

trols the press magnet 11.

The tape perforating mechanism comprises a transverse series of twelve punches 110. Fig. 15. having exactly the same spacing as the pin contacts 45, 46. etc.,'Fig. 14.. There is also a centrally located punch 110a, for cuttin the feed perforations as described be low. The punches move vertically in upper and lower guide plates 111, 112 and are urged downwardly by encircling coil springs 113.

pipe 117 or a suction fan or The collars 114 limit the downward movement of the punches and maintain them with their lower ends in the same horizontal plane. Above the guide plate 111 is a die plate 115. The tape is fed step by ste between the two plates, and it will be seen t at when a punch is pushed upwardly into its die opening a hole is cut in the tape. The punchings are lifted into a chamber 116 above the die plate and are carried away by a draft of air entering the chamber through pi}: 117 and passing out through pipe 118. 0 draft may be produced by any convenient means, not shown, as for example a blower connected to pump connected to ipe118. I

he twelve punches 110 and the feed punch 110a, Fi 15, are actuated by an annular group 0 thirteen hammer levers [119,- 10, 12 and 13, fulcrumed in blocks 120 epending from the to pla'te 93 and connected at their outer ends y links 121 to the cores 122 of an annular rou of actuating solenoids 123, individu to t e several punching devices. The inner ends of the levers bear upwardly. against the lower ends of the punches as clearly indicated in Fig. 12, and are held down, with the solenoid cores raised, b the coil springs 113, encircling the punches a ove the collars 114, so that whena solenoid is energized the resulting actuation of its core will throw the associated punch upwardly. As will appear later these solenoids are connected in parallel banks, that is, some of them are connected in parallel with each other to a common terminal and others are similarly connected to another terminal.

The control tape 100, Fi 12, is fed between the punches and the 'e plate 115 by a sprocket roller 124, Figs. 12 and 15, fixed on a shaft 1240' and cooperating with the central row of perforations 99, Fig.- 8. The feed roller is rotated step by step by a ratchet 125 andpawl 126, Fig. 10. The latter is pivoted on the inner end of a lever 127, fulcrumed in the block 128 on the underside of top plate 93and' connected by a link 129 to the core 130 of an actuating solenoid -131. See also Fig. 13. When the solenoid is energized the resulting downward movement of the pawl draws the tape forward one step,

and when the solenoid circuit is broken the coil spring 132, Fig. 10, connected to the outer or rear end of the lever, raises the pawl to a new positi on of engagement with the ratchet. The ta is held in engagement with the feed roller y a cramp roller 133, Figs. 10 and 12, carried by one end of the blade spring 134 fastened at its other-end on a sleeve 135 fixed onv a transverse rock shaft 136 carried by a pair of side members 137 mounted on the top plate 93. a On the end of shaft 136 is a cam arm 138, Fig. 10, engaged by a stiff. blade spring 139, serving to ho d the cramp roller in operative position but perhandle 142 and is urged clockwise (Fig.

12) by a spring 143. Now when the handle I is rocked backward the rib swings the spring 134 up and toward the rear, the rib passing beyond the vertical until arrested by the sleeve 135, Fig. 12, where it holds the spring up, against the force exerted on the cam 138 by spring 139. A. firm grasp on the handle in rocking it counter-clockwise to restore the cramp roller to its operative position of engagement with the sprocket makes it easy to 6 lower the roller gently and without slamming. At the rear of the side members 137 is a guide roller-143 over which the tape asses in its travel to the punches. iianges 144 on the roller prevent lateral displacement of the tape. Shaft 124a, at the end. opposite the ratchet 125, has a pin a, Fig.

15, adapted to be engaged by a slotted socket 1255 on the inner end of an aligned shaft 1250 equipped at its outer end with a knob 125d. The shaft can slide in its bearing 125a but is normally held in outer position, dis-,

engaged from shaft 124a by a coil spring 125 By pushing shaft 1250 inwardly to bring i? socket into engagement with the in on s 12411 the latter can be turned by and to advance the tape independently of the magnetic feed. If pawl 126, Fi 10, is disengaged from the ratchet the she t can also be turned backward.

As indicated in Fig. 12, the tape passes directly from the punching mechanism to the adjacent mercury contact mechanism, but separate and independent feed mechanisms are provided. If, however, the operator should not punch the tape fast enough tokeep up with the contact feed, the tape would inevitably be torn. To eliminate this possibility the contact feed is put under the control of the tape itself. For such purpose the transmission. circuit. in which the contact feed solen id 108, Fig. '16, is connected, is

provided with separable contacts 145, 146 (see also Fig. 12), so that when the contacts, normally held closed by a suitable spring, not shown, are opened no current flows through the solenoid and hence the tape is not advanced. Contact 146 is pivoted and has an actuating arm 147 extending forwardly and laterally under a loop 148 formed in the tape between the contact mechanism and the punching mechanism. Then if the operator does not perforate the tape fast enough to End keep pace with the contact feed. the slack in".

theloop is taken up and the resulting pres sure of the tapeon am 147 lifts contact 146 and so breaks the circuit of the contact feed magnet. Thereafter the, tape is not fed;

mechanism until enough ta e is fed out of th punching mechanism to re ieve the pressure on the contact arm 147.

through the conta Referring to Fi 13 and 16, ma et 123a actuates the punc which cuts the eed perforations 99, Fig. 8. Magnet 128?) actuates the punch which makes the shift perfora tion for controlling contact 66, Fig. 14, mag

net 108 actuates the ratchet by which the tape is fed through the contact mechanism, and magnet 131 actuates the sprocket by which the tape is fed through the unching mechanism. The other ma ts s own in Figs. 13 and 16 (eleven in num r actuate the punching hammers correspon 'ng to contacts 45, 46, 47, 48, 51,52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, and are energized in airs under the control of .con-

a key is depressed, the dog 1 3,'bearing against a laterally extending finger 154 on the pawl 155, swings the pawl down into enga ement with the constantly rotating'motor driven ratchet shaft 156, which instantly advances the pawlwhich in turn rocks lever 157 toward the operator. This movement of the lever throws the associated type bar upwardly against the platen 158. Under the front end of the pawl is a contact-actuator 159 pivotally mounted ona transverse shaft 160 and bearing on a s ring contact 161, so that when the pawl is e ressed by the lever 152 the spring contact is rou ht down upon a fixed contact 162, as indica in Fig. 5, ust before the W1 is caught by the ratchet aft 156. As t e latter continues its rotation it advances the pawl, and as the pawl nears the end of its movement its finger 154 escapes from under the dog 153, the leftward movement of which. under the influence of' its spring 153a, is limited by the stop 1535 extending laterally under the key bar 152. The engaging tooth of the ratchet shaft then disengages itself from the pawl, whereupon the spring 163 restores the pawl to normalposition, shown in Fig. 2, andpermits the spring contact 161 to rise out of engagement with contact 162 and lift the actuator 159. Assuming that the key bar has been held down during the operation described, release of the bar permits the bar to be raised by spring 152a, and as the bar nears its normal or lab upper position the dog 153 is raised above the finger 154, whereupon it, is drawn'leftwardly into normal position above the finger ,by spring 153a. The parts are then in the positions shown in Fig. 2.

The typewriter shown has the usual bank of forty-two keys, and type bars for letters, figures, punctuation marks, etc., and for the 1 present urpose certain unctuation type are replace by fractions an the lower case type are omitted entirely except such as may be needed in the particular field in which the system is employed. Thus if the system'is to be used for reporting transactions on a stock exchange the lower case letters a, b and. may be retained. For each of these forty-two ke s we provide a pair of contacts 161, 162, an an actuator 159, which is depressed by the pawl 155 as described above.

We also connect the space bar 164 to the f. key, Fig. 1, so that depression of either the space bar or the regnlar period key will pro-v vide for the letters period. Fig. 4 shows ,1 two contacts, 165, 166,which, as explained hereinafter,

control the solenoid which punches the shift hole in the tape. The figure just mentioned also shows the bank of forty-two spring contacts 162, and below these the fixed contacts 161 are shown in dotted lines, mounted on the insulatlng base 161a. Each pair of contacts controls a'pair of unching solenoids, and for this purpose eac spring contact is connected to one or another of four busbars 167, 168, 169, 170,

corresponding to the four contacts 45, 46, 47 48. Similarly, each fixed contact is connected (by wires not shown in Fig. 4) to one or another of the seven terminals 171, 17 2, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, corresponding to the seven contacts 51, 52, 53, 54., 55, 56, 57.

Referring to Figs. 13 and 16, the bank of four solenoids which punch the holes for contacts 45, 46, 47, 48 are connected on one side to an arc-shaped busbar 17 8 which is itself connected to main 38, through solenoid 1235 and solenoid 183, and the seven solenoids which punch the holes for the contacts 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, are connected on one side to a similar busbar 179, itself cQn-nectedto main 27. Also, each of the four solenoids 123 in the first bank is connected on the other side to one or another of the four busbars 167, 168, 169, 170, Fig. 4, and each of the seven solenoids in the-second bank is connected on the other side to one or another of the seven terminals 171, 172,173, 174., 175, 176, 177.

\ Then by singly combining each of the four any one of the bank of seven solenoids c'onnected to busbar 179, the two solenoids forming a group, thus providin for actuation of the puncher in groups 0 two solenoids for each closing of an pair of contacts 161,

162, with the result t at twent -eight pairs of erforations can be made in t e tape, each pen differing from every other pair in transverse spacing. -It will also be seen that by utilizing the shift-at the receiver so as to print from the other type wheel, each of the twenty-ei ht combinations can be used twice, thus providing for fifty-six characters in all if so many are desired. In Fi 16 seven of the s ring contacts 161 and fixe contacts 162 are s own. The former are by way of example connected to the busbar 167,. and the fixed contacts are connected individually tothe seven terminals 171, 172,173, 17 4, 175, 176, 177 Fig. 17 shows one method of making the complete connections, in which it will be observed that the six airs of contacts marked minals to which t ese latter are connected.

Thus, if type 1 and C are aligned axially on the two type wheels, the contacts marked 1 and C may be connected to the same terminal, 174, as well as to the samebusbar 167, but

when the numeral is to be printed the operator must notonly depress the key marked 1 but must also see that the key marked Shift is not down, so that the shift perforation will be punched. Fig. 8 shows the twelve groups of perforations needed to print, for example ABC -123-ABC123 shown in Fig. 9. The third group of two perforations (counting from the left) is spaced exactly like the fourth pair and hence ineach case the same character (the letter C) is brought to the printing position at the receiver. But to the fourth pair a third orishift perforation is added, in position to connect mercury contact 44, Fig. 16, and pin contact 66, and action, is in'series with each of the four sole-' noids 123 connected to busbar 178, so that whenever a pair of character-selecting perforations are punched (to control contacts 45, 46, 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57) a shift perforation is also punched, unless the sole-- noid 123?; is shunted out of the circuit. This is done by means of the contacts 165, 166, Figs. 4 and 16, connected across solenoid 123?). Then when the contacts are closed, by depressing the shift key,a shunt is laid across the solenoid 1235 and consequently the latter does not actuate the punch which cuts the shift perforation. The shift key looks down automatically and is released to open the shunt when the operator desires to punch a shift perforation.

As indicated in Fig. 16, magnet 123a which cuts the feed perforations (99, Fig. 8), magnet 131 which feeds the tape through the punching mechanism, and magnet 188 which feeds the typewriter tape across the platen,

are in series with each other and are connected to the supply mains tirough the armature 182 of a relay 183 between the arc-shaped busbar 178 and main 38, so that every tune one of the spring contacts 162 is depressed the relay 183 and the three magnets controlled thereby are energized. Thus, suppose the contact 162 at the left of the row in Fig. 16 is depressed upon the cooperating contact 161. Current then flows from main 38 through relay 183, magnet 1236 (or through the shunt which includes contacts 165, 166), busbar 178, the upper of the two magnets marked 123, busbar 167, contacts 162, 161, terminal 177, lower magnet marked 123, busbar 179, and wire 184 to main 27 whereupon the relay controlled circuit is closed and current flows from main 38 through magnets 188,

1 piece 190 and a stop nut 191 on a screw set in the pole piece. At its free or rear end the armature carries a pawl 192, held in engagement with a ratchet 193 by a coil spring 194. The ratchet is fixed on the shaft 195, and on the latter is a feed roller 196, Fig. 1, cooper ating with an idler cramp roller 197 which holds the interposed tape in contact with the I feed roller. Wheneverthe feed magnet 188 is energized the rightward swing of its armature advances the pawl and so rotates the ratchet and feed roller one step. When the magnet is deenergized the spring 198 swings the armature leftwardly and retracts the feed pawl to a new position of. engagement with key is depressed.

It will be seen in Fig. 2 that the contact actuator 159 engages the spring contact between its ends so that the angular swing of .the contact is nearly twice as great as the movement of the actuator. Also, the actuator is itself depressed by the end of the lever 155 and therefore the former has the maximum movement that the lever can impart. The net result is that the contacts 161, 162 are seamen 1 brought together before the type on the printing hammer or type bar 150 strikes the tape, and hence the circuits of the punchm magnets controlled by the contacts are cl before the tape 185 is printed, and accordingly if the key is depressed far enough to print the corresponding contacts are inevitably closed. 1 Hence al the operator has to do is to print the message on the tape. If he does that, he knows that the corres nding perforations are made in the transmission control tape 100.

Fig. 3 illustrates a simplified construction in which the connection between the key and the punch-control contact is more direct. In this construction the key lever 200 fits loosely in a recess, in the top of a light plunger 201 movable vertically in a guide bar 202. A spring 203 urges the plunger and key lever upwardly to normal or home position. The lower insulated end 204 of the plunger engages the spring contact 161, so that when the key is depressedthe contact is' brought down upon the lower contact 162. This construction is more especially useful with other typewriters of electrical or non-electrical type.

Since the movement of the tape 185 through the printing field and the movement of tape 100 through the punching field (see Figs. 1 and 12) are step by step, the magnets 188 and 131 which effect these movements must be energized and deenergized in harmony with the printing operation of the typewriter and the punching operation of the perforating mechanism. This harmony of operation is easily obtained by suitable timing of the magnets, as will be readily understood and the same is so in the case of other magnets which should perform their several functions in proper timed relation.

It ,is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific construction herein combination with a typewriter having type bars, a rotating ratchet, pawls connected with the type bars to actuate the same, and finger keys connected with the pawls to engage the pawls singly with said ratchet, of a plurality of punch-controlling circuits, contacts associated with the controlling circuits to open and close the latter and connected with the type bar actuating pawls for actuation thereby.

2. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanism for tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, the combination with a typewriter having finger keys and printing devices associated therewith to print corresponding characters when the keys are depressed, of two sets of bus bars,a solenoid connected with anism for tape-controlled printing telegrapheach bus bar, a plurality of punch controllin means'comprising pairs of contacts adapte to be closed by said eys, each pair of contacts havin one 0 said two sets of bus bars and the other contact connected to a bus bar of, the other of said two sets of bus bars, with at least two of said pairs of contacts being connected in parallel, another solenoid adapted. to be placed in and out of circuit with one of said last-named two pairs of contacts, and contacts for controlling the circuit or shunt condition of said last named solenoid.

'3. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanism for tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, the combinationwith a typewriter having finger keys and printing devices associated therewith toprint corresponding characters when the keys are depressed,-of two sets of bus bars, a solenoid connected with each bus bar, a plurality of punch controlling means comprising pairs of contacts, each pair of contacts being individual toa single key and having one contact movable by a key and connected to a bus bar of. one of said two sets of bus bars and the other contact connected to a bus bar of the other of said two sets of bus bars, with at least two of said pairs of contacts being connected in parallel, another solenoid in circuit with said bus bars, and a shunt circuit for shunting said last named solenoid.

4. In'electromagnetic tape-punching mechsystems, in combination, a plurality of finger keys arranged side by side, statlonary contacts arranged side by side, below the keys and connected together in a plurality of sets, an electromagnet for each of said sets, spring raised contacts between the stationary contacts and the keys and connected together in a lurality of sets, an electromagnet for each 0 said last named sets, andmeans individual to finger keys for depressing the spring raised contacts into engagement with the stationary contacts when the keys are actuated to selectively connect any set of the first named sets of contacts with any set of the second named sets of contacts whereby any electromagnet of one set may be connected in series with any electromagnet of the other set.

5. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanism for tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, in combination, stationary contacts connected together in a plurality of sets, an electromagnet for each of said sets, movable contacts connected together in a plurality of sets, an electromagnet for each of said last named sets, and means including finger keys for closing pairs of said contacts individually to selectively contact any set ofvthe first named sets of contacts "with any set of the 'second named sets of contacts, each pair of contacts including one stationary contact and one contact connected to a bus bar ofv electromagnet of the other set.

6. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanism for tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, in combination, a plurality of character designating keys, a plurality of pairs of contacts adaptedto be closed by said keys, a plurality of punching devices, electromagnets associated with the same, a plurality of of controlling circuits for the electromagnets, each of which include a group of two or said electromagnets and at least one of said controlling circuits including two of said pairs of contacts connected in parallel whereby actuation of either of two keys causes closing of a single controlling circuit, a shift key, contacts controlled thereby, a punch corresponding to the shift key, an electromagnet for controlling said last named punch, and a circuit includlng said last named electromagnet and contacts controlled by said shift key.

7. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanisi'm'i'or tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, in combination, three punch controll1ng electromagnets connected in series, a controlling circuit for the same including two pairs of contacts connected in parallel, and means comprising a shift key and contacts for controlling the energization of one of said ratchet and thereby cause actuation of the type bars when the keys are depressed, of a plurality of punch-controlling circuits, contacts associated with the controlling circuits to open and close the latter, and an actuator for each pair of contacts, each actuator being operable to close its associated pair of contacts by a type bar actuating pawl.

9. In electromagnetic tape-punching mechanism for tape-controlled printing telegraph systems, in combination with a typewriter having type bars, actuating pawls therefor, a rotating ratchet toactuate the pawls, and finger keys connected with the pawls singly to shift the same into engagement with the ratchet and thereby cause actuation of the type bars when the keys are depressed, of a plurality of punch-controlling circuits, contacts associated with the controlling circuits to open and close the latter, said contacts being in pairs and including spring contacts normally open, and a pivotal actuator bear 

